Procedure

Rotator Cuff Repair

What It Is

Surgery to reattach a torn rotator cuff tendon to the bone. Most repairs are done all-arthroscopically through small incisions; mini-open technique is used rarely when needed. Related problems such as biceps tendon issues can often be addressed during the same procedure.

Who Needs It

Patients with persistent pain despite 6–12+ months of nonsurgical treatment; large tears with good remaining tissue quality; significant weakness or loss of function; acute traumatic tears; or those who rely on the shoulder for overhead work or sports.

Recovery

Sling for 4–6 weeks. Physical therapy begins about 5 days after surgery. Full recovery takes up to one year.

Procedure Details

About This Procedure

The rotator cuff is a group of four tendons that stabilize the shoulder and power arm movement. The most commonly torn tendon is the supraspinatus. When a tendon tears — whether from a sudden injury or years of wear — it can cause pain, weakness, and limited motion.

Rotator cuff repair reattaches the torn tendon to the bone. Most repairs are done all-arthroscopically through small incisions; a mini-open approach is used only when necessary. Related issues such as biceps tendon problems or bone spurs can often be addressed during the same surgery.

Dr. Jay Levin is a shoulder surgeon trained by Rothman Orthopaedics and Duke Health Orthopaedics, serving patients in Durham, Cary, and across North Carolina. He specializes in minimally invasive arthroscopic techniques that reduce trauma to surrounding tissue and support a structured recovery.

The Procedure

Rotator cuff repair at Duke Health is performed under general anesthesia with a nerve block for pain control. The surgery typically takes 1–2 hours. Dr. Levin uses an arthroscopic technique: small incisions allow a camera and instruments to reach the shoulder. The tendon is reattached to the bone using suture anchors. Biceps issues and bone spurs can be addressed at the same time if needed.

The procedure is outpatient — you go home the same day. Someone will need to drive you and stay with you the first night.

Recovery

Your arm will be in a sling for 4–6 weeks to protect the repair. Physical therapy begins about 5 days after surgery. Commitment to therapy is essential for the best outcome.

Phases of recovery: In the first 6 weeks, you will use passive motion only — no active lifting of the arm. At 6–12 weeks, the sling comes off and assisted then active motion begins, with gradual strengthening. From 3–6 months, you can return to most daily activities and progressive resistance training. From 6–12 months, advanced strengthening and return to heavy labor or sports, if applicable.

Risks include infection, nerve injury, stiffness, re-tear, and anchor-related issues. Re-tears are more likely with larger tears, but many patients still achieve good pain relief and function. Dr. Levin and his team provide close follow-up throughout recovery, adjusting your protocol based on healing progress.

Recovery Timeline

Weeks 0–6

Protection & Passive Motion

Sling at all times. Passive motion only — no active lifting of the arm. Therapist-guided or assisted movement.

Weeks 6–12

Active Motion & Early Strengthening

Sling discontinued. Assisted then active motion begins. Gradual strengthening introduced.

Months 3–6

Progressive Strengthening

Return to most daily activities. Progressive resistance training.

Months 6–12

Advanced Recovery

Advanced strengthening. Return to heavy labor or sports if applicable.

For full PT protocols, see PT Protocols.

Frequently Asked Questions

How long does rotator cuff repair surgery take?
Most arthroscopic rotator cuff repairs take 1–2 hours depending on the size and complexity of the tear. Dr. Levin performs these procedures at Duke Health facilities in Durham.
Will I need to stay overnight after surgery?
No. Rotator cuff repair is typically performed as an outpatient procedure, meaning you go home the same day. Someone will need to drive you and stay with you the first night.
When can I return to work after rotator cuff surgery?
Sedentary or desk work can often resume within about 1 week while wearing the sling. Light duty may be possible at 2–6 weeks. Waist-level lifting typically at 3–4 months. Overhead work or heavy labor usually requires 6–12 months.
How is pain managed after surgery?
A nerve block is placed before surgery for immediate post-operative comfort. Pain is managed with non-opioid medications; short-term opioids may be used if needed. Most patients find pain manageable at home with oral medications in the first few days.
What is the success rate of rotator cuff repair?
Arthroscopic rotator cuff repair has a high satisfaction rate. Most patients experience significant pain relief and regain functional strength. Re-tears are more likely with larger tears, but many patients still achieve good outcomes.

Ready to Discuss Your Treatment Options?

Schedule a consultation with Dr. Levin.